Saturday, February 28, 2015

How People Learn


How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School [Hardcover]

Author: Rodney R. Cocking | Language: English | ISBN: 0309065577 | Format: PDF, EPUB

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How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School
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When do infants begin to learn? How do experts learn and how is this different from non-experts? What can teachers and schools do -- with curricula, classroom settings, and teaching methods -- to help children learn most effectively? This book offers exciting new research about the mind and the brain thai provides answers to these and other questions. New evidence from many branches of science has significantly added to our understanding of what it means to know, from the neural processes that occur during learning to the influence of culture on what people see and absorb. How People Learn examines these findings and their implications for what we teach, how we teach it, and how we assess what our children learn. The book uses exemplary teaching to illustrate how approaches based on what we now know result in in-depth learning. This new knowledge calls into question concepts and practices firmly entrenched in our current education system. Topics include: how learning actually changes the physical structure of the brain; how existing knowledge affects what people notice and how they learn; what the thought processes of experts tell us about how to teach; the amazing learning potential of infants; the relationship of classroom learning and everyday settings of community and workplace, learning needs and opportunities for leachers; a realistic look at the role of technology in education. If education is to help students make sense of their surroundings and ready them for the challenges of the technology-driven, internationally competitive world, then it must be based on what we know about learning from science. In that light, this book will be of significant professional interest toteachers, education policymakers and administrators, and curriculum developers.
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  • Hardcover: 319 pages
  • Publisher: Natl Academy Pr (April 1999)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0309065577
  • ISBN-13: 978-0309065573
  • Product Dimensions: 10 x 7.2 x 1.2 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 2.2 pounds
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #105,280 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
    • #96 in Books > Textbooks > Social Sciences > Psychology > Cognitive Psychology
"How People Learn" is both a simple summary of some recent research in the cognitive sciences and an argument for how teaching should be done. This is currently a very popular topic in the educational industry, as educators look for justification in the cognitive literature for the rather ad-hoc educational theories of the past 40 or 50 years. Most of this volume is devoted to a fairly low-level- lets say High School level- review of selected literature form the cognitive and neuropsychological literature of the last few decades, and as far as it goes, its not bad. Its spotty, certainly, and musch of it is very old, but the lay reader will still find much of it interesting and informative.
But the final chapter- Conclusions- is a tremendous disappointment, at least for this reader. Half the conclusions offered are so simple, and so obvious, as to be laughable. The other half are either contradictory or simply unjustified.
Consider this gem: "Transfer and wide application of learning are most likely to occur when learners acheive an organized and coherent understanding of the material; when the situations for transfer share the structure of the original learning; when subject matter has been mastered and practiced; when subject domains overlap and share cognitive elements; when instruction includes specific attention to underlying principles; and when instruction specifically emphasizes transfer."
Translated, that means that people can best use things they learn when theyve learned them very well, that practice helps, and that it helps to learn something in a way similar to how youre going to use it.

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